Loan Basics

Personal loans, home loans and EMIs — clearly explained for first-time borrowers.

Understanding personal loans

A personal loan is unsecured credit — no collateral required — usually ranging from ₹50,000 to ₹40 lakh and repaid in 12–60 monthly EMIs. Interest rates in India sit between 10.5% and 24%.

Use personal loans only for genuine, short-term needs: medical emergencies, weddings, home renovation.

How EMI is calculated

EMI = P × r × (1+r)n / ((1+r)n − 1), where P is principal, r is the monthly interest rate and n is total months.

Use any online EMI calculator before signing — a 1% lower rate on a ₹10 lakh, 5-year loan saves about ₹30,000 in total interest.

Credit score — your loan passport

Indian banks rely on CIBIL, Experian, Equifax and CRIF scores ranging from 300 to 900. Anything above 750 unlocks the best interest rates.

Home loans vs personal loans

Home loans are secured against the property, carry much lower interest (8.5–9.5%) and longer tenures (up to 30 years).

Never use a personal loan for a property down-payment.

Red flags to watch

  • Upfront processing fee before approval — likely a scam.
  • Apps that ask for contact and gallery permissions.
  • Lenders not registered with RBI.
  • Foreclosure penalty above 4%.